Pharmacogenomics (PGx) Clinical Tool
Turns genotype results into prescribing guidance for anticoagulants, antidepressants and oncology agents.
HTML · point of careDemo on request
Biography
Specialist clinical pharmacologist, governing clinical AI.
Professor Mohamed Irhuma is a consultant-fellow specialist clinical pharmacologist (FCCP, ABCP, ACCP) and digital health executive. He brings over a decade of experience in clinical governance and health-tech innovation, and nearly two decades in medical education. He specialises in translating complex clinical algorithms into deployable HTML and AI-driven digital tools.
As the Clinical, Medical and Scientific Governance Lead at EMG Technologies (Pty) Ltd, he oversees clinical academy information, digital prescribing governance and AI-powered drug interaction algorithms. His dual expertise in pharmacology and AI safety, including leading AI Copilot deployment architectures for the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, has earned him the industry moniker “The Clinician in the AI Loop”.
An active educator and researcher, he holds an academic position at the University of the Witwatersrand (Wits) Faculty of Health Sciences. He previously served as Secretary General of the College of Clinical Pharmacologists at the Colleges of Medicine of South Africa (CMSA), ranked consistently in the top 10% of university lecturers (2016–2020), and has built evidence-based medicine and rational prescribing programmes for more than eight institutions worldwide.
He is credentialed by the American Board of Clinical Pharmacology (ABCP) and is a member of the American College of Clinical Pharmacology (ACCP). He co-edited the South African Medicines Formulary (SAMF) across its 11th, 12th and 13th editions. His specialist interests are neuro- and psychopharmacology, medicolegal medicine, pharmacovigilance and the ethical use of AI in healthcare.
Colleges of Medicine of South Africa (CMSA)Former Secretary, College of Clinical Pharmacologists
EMG Technologies (Pty) LtdClinical, Medical & Scientific Governance Lead
University of the WitwatersrandFaculty of Health Sciences · Pharmacy & Pharmacology
Prof. Irhuma Inc.Clinical pharmacology, medicolegal & digital health advisory
3editions of the South African Medicines Formulary co-edited
8+institutions served with EBM and rational prescribing programmes
30clinical decision-support tools engineered
Top 10%of university lecturers, 2016–2020
AI tools
Clinical logic you can open and inspect.
Thirty point-of-care tools engineered from guideline evidence on evidence-based AI (EB-AI) principles. Each one shows the prescriber its source, its logic and its uncertainty. Demonstrations are available to institutions and partners.
Flagship
Pharmacogenomics (PGx) Clinical Tool
Converts a patient’s genotype into a clear prescribing action before the first script is written, using international consensus guidance. The example shows the format of an alert.
Request a demonstrationPGx alertIllustrative
CYP2C19*2/*2Poor metaboliser
Clopidogrel after PCI: expect reduced antiplatelet effect.
- Action
- Consider prasugrel or ticagrelor if not contraindicated.
- Evidence
- CPIC guideline for CYP2C19 and clopidogrel.
- Logic
- Poor metabolisers form little active metabolite.
Illustrative example for demonstration only. Not for clinical use. No patient data.
Tool catalogue
30 toolsAnticonvulsant TDM Tool
Interprets antiseizure medicine levels and supports dose adjustment.
HTML · point of careDemo on request
Dialysable Medicines Clinical Tool
Shows how dialysis removes medicines and when supplemental doses are needed.
HTML · point of careDemo on request
ARV Therapeutic Dosing Algorithm
Antiretroviral dosing in organ impairment and with interacting medicines.
HTML · point of careDemo on request
ART Regimen Selector
Guideline-based selection of first- and subsequent-line ART regimens.
HTML · point of careDemo on request
Warfarin to DOAC Switching
INR thresholds and timing for safe transitions between anticoagulants.
HTML · point of careDemo on request
Anticoagulation TTR Calculator
Time in therapeutic range for monitoring warfarin control.
HTML · point of careDemo on request
Chemotherapy Reconstitution & Administration
Agent-by-agent reconstitution, dilution, stability and administration.
HTML · point of careDemo on request
Integrated Opioid Stewardship & Safety Tool
Opioid risk review, dose conversion and tapering support.
HTML · point of careDemo on request
A.R.M.O.R. Deprescribing Assistant
Structured polypharmacy review and deprescribing in older adults.
HTML · point of careDemo on request
PIMART Decision Support Tool
Flags potentially inappropriate medicines and safer alternatives.
HTML · point of careDemo on request
Isotretinoin Prescribing Safety & Triage
Pregnancy prevention, monitoring and triage during isotretinoin therapy.
HTML · point of careDemo on request
Statin-Associated Muscle Symptom Index
Scores how likely muscle symptoms are to be statin-related.
HTML · point of careDemo on request
Pill Identifier: Clinical & Toxicology
Identifies tablets by imprint, shape and colour in clinical and poisoning cases.
HTML · point of careDemo on request
Anaphylaxis Triage & Management
Recognition, first-line treatment pathway and observation guidance.
HTML · point of careDemo on request
Antihypertensive Therapy Decision Support
Stepwise antihypertensive choice matched to comorbidities.
HTML · point of careDemo on request
Period Postponement Calculator
Timing of progestogen courses to delay menstruation.
HTML · point of careDemo on request
Pneumonia Severity Calculator
CURB-65, CRB-65, PSI and SMART-COP in one place.
HTML · point of careDemo on request
ECG Triage Assistant
Structured ECG review with red-flag escalation.
HTML · point of careDemo on request
Urine Dipstick Interpretation Aid
Reads dipstick results and suggests next steps.
HTML · point of careDemo on request
PHQ-9
Depression severity scoring with a safety flag on item 9.
HTML · point of careDemo on request
Eating Disorder Diagnostic Scale (EDDS)
Self-report screening mapped to diagnostic criteria.
HTML · point of careDemo on request
Parkinson’s Clinical Progression Tracker
Tracks motor and non-motor progression over time.
HTML · point of careDemo on request
Clinical Evaluation: AI Copilot
Human-as-judge framework for grading clinical AI answers.
HTML · point of careDemo on request
Medicolegal Cases Screening Tool
Helps junior clinicians recognise cases with medicolegal risk.
HTML · point of careDemo on request
AGREE II Instrument
Appraises the quality of clinical practice guidelines.
HTML · point of careDemo on request
Assessment Quality Triage Tool
Reviews exam questions and assessments for quality.
HTML · point of careDemo on request
Academic Forensic Analysis Tool
Screens academic submissions for integrity concerns.
HTML · point of careDemo on request
Academic Promotion Criteria Calculator
Maps academic outputs against promotion criteria.
HTML · point of careDemo on request
Automated, Verified Patient Sick Leave
Generates structured, verifiable sick notes.
HTML · point of careDemo on request
Writing
From pharmacological evidence to the bedside.
Peer-reviewed papers, national formulary work, practical prescribing guidance for interns, and columns on digital health, medicolegal ethics, and faith and medicine.
Peer-reviewed & professional publications
11- 2024Rational and safe prescribing 101. SAMA Intern 101 2024, pp. 47–48. Read ↗
- 2023Rational and safe prescribing 101. SAMA Intern 101 2023, p. 26. Read ↗
- 2022A guide for the management of post-vaccination allergy and anaphylaxis in a pharmacy clinic. Health SA Gesondheid. Read ↗
- 2022Rational and safe prescribing 101. SAMA Intern 101 2022, pp. 26–27. Read ↗
- 2019The potential impact of dietary supplement adulteration on patient assessment and treatment from a healthcare provider’s perspective. S Afr Fam Pract. Read ↗
- 2018Primary prevention of coronary artery disease. S Afr Fam Pract. Read ↗
- 2017Allergic conjunctivitis. S Afr Fam Pract. Read ↗
- 2016Use of angiotensin receptor–neprilysin inhibitors in heart failure: a paradigm shift. S Afr Fam Pract. Read ↗
- 2016Long-acting reversible hormonal contraception. S Afr Fam Pract. Read ↗
- 2016Management of cough: a practical approach. S Afr Fam Pract. Read ↗
- 2012Tumour lysis syndrome. Read ↗
National formulary
3 editions- 2020South African Medicines Formulary (SAMF), 13th edition · co-editor About SAMF ↗
- 2016South African Medicines Formulary (SAMF), 12th edition · co-editor About SAMF ↗
- 2014South African Medicines Formulary (SAMF), 11th edition · co-editor About SAMF ↗
The Voice of the Pharmacologist & CP Corner
columns- 2026Unmasked by the virus: Long COVID-19 and APS Read (PDF) ↗
- 2026The GLP-1 overdose surge: a weigh-in on the crisis Read (PDF) ↗
- 2025Navigating faith and pharmacology Read (PDF) ↗
COVID-19-related blogs
25 posts2021
24 Jan 2021Blog post ↗28 Jan 2021Blog post ↗08 Feb 2021Blog post ↗25 Feb 2021Blog post ↗11 Mar 2021Blog post ↗11 Jun 2021Blog post ↗28 Jun 2021Blog post ↗08 Jul 2021Blog post ↗14 Jul 2021Blog post ↗24 Jul 2021Blog post ↗04 Aug 2021Blog post ↗03 Sep 2021Blog post ↗25 Sep 2021Blog post ↗10 Oct 2021Blog post ↗25 Oct 2021Blog post ↗31 Oct 2021Blog post ↗
Education
Think before you ink. Teaching rational prescribing.
A flipped-classroom approach that turns lectures into case discussion. Rated in the top 10% of lecturers at Wits, with nearly two decades of teaching across medicine and allied health.
Disruptive learning
Clinical cases and real script errors challenge assumptions and sharpen rational decisions.
Digital integration
Students learn to use point-of-care apps such as EMGuidance for evidence-based drug information.
Visual learning
Animation-based teaching tools make mechanisms of action easy to see.
Teaching, supervision & examining
- Medical schoolCourse coordinator for the GEMP (MBBCh) programme at Wits, UoT and YSM.
- Allied healthLecturer, examiner, project supervisor and facilitator for pharmacy, nursing, physiotherapy and dentistry, in basic and clinical pharmacology.
- PostgraduateSupervisor and co-supervisor for Master’s and PhD candidates in digital health, neuropharmacology, infectious diseases, oncology, antimicrobial stewardship, drug interactions, special-population PK and rational prescribing.
- BedsideInitiated polypharmacy ward rounds at CMJAH, teaching junior specialists to use digital tools in practice.
- ExaminerFC Clin Pharm(SA) at the CMSA, and the American Board of Clinical Pharmacology.
Qualifications
MBBCh, FCCP FC Clin Pharm(SA), Cert. Hospital Management, PGCert Health Informatics (Leeds), PMP (PMI), MD Clin Pharm, ABCP, ACCP (USA)
Books
Clinical rigour, applied beyond the clinic.
Books on artificial intelligence and digital harm written with a pharmacologist’s method, alongside works on Islamic thought, medical ethics and the healing of body and soul.
2025 · Featured
The Algorithmic Stethoscope
A clinical pharmacologist’s appraisal of artificial intelligence in medicine, treated as a potent therapeutic agent with real clinical, medicolegal and health-economic side effects. It examines black-box decision support, automated bias and fabricated evidence, and closes with a prescription for evidence-based AI with the clinician firmly in the loop.
Medicine, technology & society
3Faith, ethics & society
10The Immunosuppression of the Soul
A clinical audit of the extinction of modesty (Hayaa) in the digital Ummah
View on Noor Book ↗The Overdose
Diagnosing the toxicity of ‘TikTok theology’ and the death of authority
View on Noor Book ↗A Sacred Fraud
Diagnosing the Abraham Accords and the project of a new world religion
View on Noor Book ↗The Noble Hadith and Sunnah
Refuting the misconceptions of the Qur’anists about the Prophetic Sunnah
View on Noor Book ↗Sahih Al-Bukhari
Ignorance of critics and the ailment of ‘reason over revelation’ philosophy
View on Noor Book ↗The Sinking Nations
A chronicle of collapse, hubris and the forgotten lifeboats of faith
View on Noor Book ↗Speaking & media
Medicines safety and clinical AI, explained in English and Arabic.
Keynotes, expert panels and broadcast commentary for health systems, regulators, industry and the public. Previous appearances include Radio 702 · Azania Mosaka Show · SABC · kykNET · Al Jazeera.
Saudi ArabiaLibyaSouth AfricaUnited KingdomEuropean UnionUnited States
Speaking topics
12Topic 01
Prescribing clinical AI like a medicine
Indication, dose, monitoring and governance for AI decision support.
Topic 02
GLP-1 medicines: benefit, misuse and overdose
What the weight-loss boom means for safety and for health systems.
Topic 03
Pharmacogenomics for Gulf populations
Moving from trial-and-error to genotype-guided prescribing.
Topic 04
Fasting, faith and medicines
Safe medicine use during Ramadan and other fasts.
Topic 05
Medication errors and the law
How prescribing errors happen, and how they are judged.
Topic 06
Antimicrobial stewardship
Practical stewardship for hospitals, payers and regulators.
Topic 07
Evaluating AI clinical decision support
A clinician-in-the-loop method for testing safety, accuracy and bias before and after deployment.
Topic 08
Rational psychopharmacology in the age of polypharmacy
Spotting prescribing cascades and harmful combinations, and deprescribing safely.
Topic 09
Medical cannabinoids and psychedelics: evidence and hype
What the trials show, where the risks lie and how regulators are responding.
Topic 10
Therapeutic drug monitoring in practice
When a level changes management, how to time samples and how to act on the result.
Topic 11
Forensic toxicology for clinicians and lawyers
Interpreting drug levels, timelines and causality in poisonings, deaths and disputes.
Topic 12
Pharmacotherapy for rare and orphan diseases
Access, off-label use, dosing in small populations and the economics of orphan medicines.
Formats:KeynotePanelGrand roundsCME workshopBroadcast commentary
Selected appearances
4Television · 2018AF
kykNET · Prontuit
ADHD diagnoses in children and young people are rising (17 Sept 2018)
Watch ↗Invite Prof. Irhuma
For congresses, grand rounds, executive briefings and media requests in Saudi Arabia, Libya, Africa, the UK, the EU and the US. Sessions can be delivered in English or Arabic, in person or online.
Expertise & services
Independent clinical pharmacology for decisions that carry weight.
Specialist opinion for legal, pharmaceutical, payer and technology clients, grounded in a CMSA fellowship (FCCP), the ABCP credential and ACCP membership. Work covers forensic medicolegal review, medicines governance and clinical AI assurance.
Saudi ArabiaLibyaSouth AfricaUnited KingdomEuropean UnionUnited States
Digital health & evidence-based AI
For: Health-tech companies, digital health platforms, AI developers, global health organisations
- AI clinical governance with human-as-judge validation of algorithms and LLM outputs
- Translating guidelines (STGs, EDL) and EBM into localised point-of-care decision support
- Strategy and playbooks for safe, ethical, scalable AI deployment
Medicolegal & expert witness
For: Law firms, malpractice attorneys, hospital legal teams
- Prescribing errors, dosing negligence and therapy mismanagement
- Forensic evaluation of drug interactions, ADRs and toxicology disputes
- Causality assessment between pharmacological intervention and outcome
Industry strategy & medical schemes
For: Pharmaceutical companies, manufacturers, medical insurers
- Tariff, reimbursement and pharmacoeconomic value
- Rational prescribing protocols and formulary governance
- Pharmacovigilance reporting and safety monitoring strategy
Medical writing & scientific communication
For: Education agencies, publishers, research institutes
- Clinical protocols, white papers and peer-reviewed submissions
- CPD modules, study guides, formulary content and HTML clinical tools
- Regulatory writing and expert reports
Keynotes, lecturing & workshops
For: Professional societies, universities, corporate events
- The future of digital health · AI in prescribing · rational psychopharmacology
- Guest modules in pharmacotherapy and evidence-based medicine
- Workshops: clinical toxicology, polypharmacy, prescribing errors, neuro- and psychopharmacology
Retain Prof. Irhuma for a case or project
Forensic reports for litigation, governance reviews, AI assurance, or a keynote for your next congress.
Send an enquiryHow an engagement works
Enquiry & conflict check
Send a short outline. Conflicts of interest are checked before any documents are reviewed.
Scope & terms
Questions, deliverables, timeline and fees are agreed in writing.
Review & report
Evidence-based analysis with sources and reasoning stated, delivered as a report, briefing or tool.
In medicolegal matters, opinions are independent and objective. The expert’s overriding duty is to the court or tribunal, whichever party gives instructions.